Solid-State Transformer Topologies for Smart Grids

Abstract

Solid-State Transformers (SSTs) represent a transformative advancement in power distribution systems, integrating power electronics with medium-frequency transformers to enhance the flexibility, efficiency, and controllability of electrical grids. Unlike traditional transformers, SSTs facilitate bidirectional power flow, voltage regulation, and seamless integration of renewable energy sources, making them pivotal for modern smart grids.IET Digital Library+2MDPI+2 This paper reviews various SST topologies, including single-stage, two-stage, and threestage configurations, highlighting their operational principles, advantages, and challenges. Single-stage SSTs offer simplicity and compactness but may lack isolation and have limited scalability. Two-stage SSTs introduce a mediumfrequency link, providing better isolation and efficiency. Three-stage SSTs, comprising AC-DC, DC-DC, and DC-AC converters, offer comprehensive control and integration capabilities, suitable for high-power applications.MDPI+1 The integration of SSTs into smart grids enables functionalities such as voltage regulation, reactive power compensation, and fault isolation. Additionally, SSTs support the interfacing of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, contributing to the resilience and sustainability of the power grid.Wiley Online Library Despite their potential, the widespread adoption of SSTs faces challenges, including high manufacturing costs, complexity in control strategies, and the need for advanced semiconductor materials. Ongoing research focuses on addressing these issues to facilitate the commercialization and deployment of SSTs in future power systems.IET Digital Library+4Moam+4MDPI+4IET Digital Library+3Wiley Online Library+3MDPI+3